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  2. Antimony trichloride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimony_trichloride

    In the gas phase SbCl 3 is pyramidal with a Cl-Sb-Cl angle of 97.2° and a bond length of 233 pm. [10] In SbCl 3 each Sb has three Cl atoms at 234 pm showing the persistence of the molecular SbCl 3 unit, however there are a further five neighboring Cl atoms, two at 346 pm, one at 361 pm, and two at 374 pm.

  3. Chemical polarity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_polarity

    When comparing a polar and nonpolar molecule with similar molar masses, the polar molecule in general has a higher boiling point, because the dipole–dipole interaction between polar molecules results in stronger intermolecular attractions. One common form of polar interaction is the hydrogen bond, which is also

  4. Polarizability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarizability

    Likewise, larger molecules are generally more polarizable than smaller ones. Water is a very polar molecule, but alkanes and other hydrophobic molecules are more polarizable. Water with its permanent dipole is less likely to change shape due to an external electric field. Alkanes are the most polarizable molecules. [9]

  5. Boron trichloride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron_trichloride

    Boron reacts with halogens to give the corresponding trihalides. Boron trichloride is, however, produced industrially by chlorination of boron oxide and carbon at 501 °C.. B 2 O 3 + 3 C + 3 Cl 2 → 2 BCl 3 + 3 CO

  6. Bent's rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bent's_rule

    The polar substituent constants are similar in principle to σ values from the Hammett equation, as an increasing value corresponds to a greater electron-withdrawing ability. Bent's rule suggests that as the electronegativity of the groups increase, more p character is diverted towards those groups, which leaves more s character in the bond ...

  7. Optical rotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_rotation

    Optical activity occurs due to molecules dissolved in a fluid or due to the fluid itself only if the molecules are one of two (or more) stereoisomers; this is known as an enantiomer. The structure of such a molecule is such that it is not identical to its mirror image (which would be that of a different stereoisomer, or the "opposite enantiomer").

  8. Polar surface area - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_surface_area

    Molecules with a polar surface area of greater than 140 angstroms squared (Å 2) tend to be poor at permeating cell membranes. [1] For molecules to penetrate the blood–brain barrier (and thus act on receptors in the central nervous system), a PSA less than 90 Å 2 is usually needed. [2] TPSA is a valuable tool in drug discovery and development.

  9. Bonding in solids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonding_in_solids

    Regarding the organization of covalent bonds, recall that classic molecular solids, as stated above, consist of small, non-polar covalent molecules. The example given, paraffin wax , is a member of a family of hydrocarbon molecules of differing chain lengths, with high-density polyethylene at the long-chain end of the series.