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(3) Example metrical grid The higher the column of Xs above a syllable, the more prominent the syllable is. The metrical grid and the metrical tree for a particular utterance are related in such a way that the Designated Terminal Element of an S node must be more prominent than the Designated Terminal Element of its sister W node. [2]
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Stress is a prominent feature of the English language, both at the level of the word (lexical stress) and at the level of the phrase or sentence (prosodic stress).Absence of stress on a syllable, or on a word in some cases, is frequently associated in English with vowel reduction – many such syllables are pronounced with a centralized vowel or with certain other vowels that are described as ...
For example, the noun increase and the verb increase are distinguished by the positioning of the stress on the first syllable in the former, and on the second syllable in the latter. (See initial-stress-derived noun.) Stressed syllables in English are louder than non-stressed syllables, as well as being longer and having a higher pitch.
Isochrony is a linguistic analysis or hypothesis assuming that any spoken language's utterances are divisible into equal rhythmic portions of some kind. Under this assumption, languages are proposed to broadly fall into one of two categories based on rhythm or timing: syllable-timed or stress-timed languages [1] (or, in some analyses, a third category: mora-timed languages). [2]
A syllable must not have more than one segment in its onset, nucleus or coda. CodaCond: Coda consonants cannot have place features that are not shared by an onset consonant. CodaCondition: NonFinality: A word-final syllable (or foot) must not bear stress. NonFin: FtBin: A foot must be two syllables (or moras). FootBinarity: Pk-Prom
For example, the clitic group is not considered to be a separate level in Selkirk's version of the hierarchy, [1] while the minor phrase or accentual phrase are not considered to be separate from the phonological phrase in Hayes' [2] and Nespor & Vogel's hierarchies. [3] [4] Utterance [2] [3] Intonational phrase (I-phrase, ι) [1] also known as:
In languages in which pitch accents are associated with stressed syllables, one target within each pitch accent may be designated with a *, indicating that this target is aligned with the stressed syllable. For example, in the L*+H pitch accent the L target is aligned with the stressed syllable, and it is followed by a trailing H target.