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Densitometry is the quantitative measurement of optical density in light-sensitive materials, such as photographic paper or photographic film, due to exposure to light. Overview [ edit ]
The characterization technique optical microscopy showing the micron scale dendritic microstructure of a bronze alloy. Characterization, when used in materials science, refers to the broad and general process by which a material's structure and properties are probed and measured.
A density meter does not measure the specific gravity of a sample directly. However, the specific gravity can be inferred from a density meter. The specific gravity is defined as the density of a sample compared to the density of a reference. The reference density is typically of that of water. The specific gravity is found by the following ...
Density functional theory (DFT) is a computational quantum mechanical modelling method used in physics, chemistry and materials science to investigate the electronic structure (or nuclear structure) (principally the ground state) of many-body systems, in particular atoms, molecules, and the condensed phases.
A densitometer is a device that measures the degree of darkness (the optical density) of a photographic or semitransparent material or of a reflecting surface. [1] The densitometer is basically a light source aimed at a photoelectric cell. [2]
The density of states related to volume V and N countable energy levels is defined as: = = (()). Because the smallest allowed change of momentum for a particle in a box of dimension and length is () = (/), the volume-related density of states for continuous energy levels is obtained in the limit as ():= (()), Here, is the spatial dimension of the considered system and the wave vector.
In quantum mechanics, a density matrix (or density operator) is a matrix that describes an ensemble [1] of physical systems as quantum states (even if the ensemble contains only one system). It allows for the calculation of the probabilities of the outcomes of any measurements performed upon the systems of the ensemble using the Born rule .
A gas pycnometer is a laboratory device used for measuring the density—or, more accurately, the volume—of solids, be they regularly shaped, porous or non-porous, monolithic, powdered, granular or in some way comminuted, employing some method of gas displacement and the volume:pressure relationship known as Boyle's law.