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The multiple subset sum problem is an optimization problem in computer science and operations research. It is a generalization of the subset sum problem . The input to the problem is a multiset S {\displaystyle S} of n integers and a positive integer m representing the number of subsets.
The subset sum problem (SSP) is a decision problem in computer science. In its most general formulation, there is a multiset of integers and a target-sum , and the question is to decide whether any subset of the integers sum to precisely . [1] The problem is known to be NP-complete.
In set and multiset each element is key; there are no mapped values. Element ordering: elements follow a strict weak ordering [1] Associative containers are designed to be especially efficient in accessing its elements by their key, as opposed to sequence containers which are more efficient in accessing elements by their position. [1]
In some cases a multiset in this counting sense may be generalized to allow negative values, as in Python. C++'s Standard Template Library implements both sorted and unsorted multisets. It provides the multiset class for the sorted multiset, as a kind of associative container, which implements this multiset using a self-balancing binary search ...
The 4-partition problem is a variant in which S contains n = 4 m integers, the sum of all integers is , and the goal is to partition it into m quadruplets, all with a sum of T. It can be assumed that each integer is strictly between T /5 and T /3.
A related problem, somewhat similar to the Birthday paradox, is that of determining the size of the input set so that we have a probability of one half that there is a solution, under the assumption that each element in the set is randomly selected with uniform distribution between 1 and some given value. The solution to this problem can be ...
A related example is the multiset of solutions of an algebraic equation. A quadratic equation, for example, has two solutions. However, in some cases they are both the same number. Thus the multiset of solutions of the equation could be {3, 5}, or it could be {4, 4}. In the latter case it has a solution of multiplicity 2.
It was first presented by Ronald Graham in 1969 in the context of the identical-machines scheduling problem. [1]: sec.5 The problem is parametrized by a positive integer k, and called k-way number partitioning. [2] The input to the problem is a multiset S of numbers (usually integers), whose sum is k*T.