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Amatitlania is a genus of cichlid fishes native to freshwater habitats in Central America from El Salvador and Guatemala to Panama. They are fairly small cichlids, typically reaching up to 6.4–10 cm (2.5–4 in) in standard length depending on exact species, [ 1 ] although captives may grow larger.
The convict cichlid has sometimes been placed within the genus Cryptoheros as well, but is now considered a member of the genus Amatitlania. [3] [4] Several other species such as Amatitlania septemfasciata and Amatitlania sajica had also once been included within Cryptoheros. [2] FishBase currently recognizes four species in this genus: [1]
The convict cichlid (Amatitlania nigrofasciata) is a fish species from the family Cichlidae, native to Central America, [3] also known as the zebra cichlid. [4] Convict cichlids are popular aquarium fish [ 3 ] and have also been the subject of numerous studies on fish behaviour.
Amatitlania septemfasciata is kept in home aquariums. It is territorial, and thus a fairly large tank that is at least 90 to 100 centimetres (35 to 39 in) long is generally recommended. [7] [10] It can be kept at a temperature of between 24 and 26 degrees Celsius (75 to 79 degrees Fahrenheit), and pH of about 7.0. [7]
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Amatitlania sajica, the T-bar cichlid or Sajica cichlid, is a Central American species of cichlid found in freshwater streams and lakes on the Pacific slope of Costa Rica. [3] The fish is tan colored with seven indistinct bars on the body.
Amatitlania coatepeque, the Lago Coatepeque convict cichlid, is a freshwater fish species endemic to El Salvador. [1] The species was first identified in 1924 and takes its name from Lake Coatepeque in the interior highlands of western El Salvador.
Amatitlania siquia is a species of cichlid native to Central America. [2] [3] These cichlid can be identified by black melanin-based stripes in males and an additional bright orange spot on the abdomen for females. [4] The size and pigmentation of the spots and stripes respectively correlate to proactivity within this cichlid.