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Empress Matilda (c. 7 February 1102 – 10 September 1167), also known as Empress Maud, [nb 1] was one of the claimants to the English throne during the civil war known as the Anarchy. The daughter and heir of Henry I, king of England and ruler of Normandy, she went to Germany as a child when she was married to the future Holy Roman Emperor ...
Geoffrey V (24 August 1113 – 7 September 1151), called the Fair (French: le Bel), Plantagenet, and of Anjou, was the count of Anjou, Touraine and Maine by inheritance from 1129, and also duke of Normandy by his marriage claim, and conquest, from 1144. Geoffrey married Empress Matilda, daughter of Henry I, king of England and duke of Normandy.
Matilda had been married to Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor, from which she later claimed the title of empress. Her husband died in 1125 and she was remarried in 1128 to Geoffrey V of Anjou , whose county bordered the Duchy of Normandy. [ 12 ]
In 1125, Matilda married Stephen of Blois, Count of Mortain, who possessed a large honour in England. When Matilda's father abdicated and retired to a monastery the same year, this was joined with Boulogne and the similarly large English honour Matilda inherited. On Eustace III's death, Matilda and her husband became joint rulers of Boulogne.
Matilda was born in or around June 1156 in London or, less likely, at Windsor Castle, [2] as third child and eldest daughter of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine; [2] [3] [4] named after her paternal grandmother, Empress Matilda, she was baptized shortly after birth in Holy Trinity Priory, Aldgate by Theobald of Bec, Archbishop of Canterbury.
(probably) a daughter, married William le Gros [7] Margaret, married (1) Ralph de Somery and (2) Maurice de Gaunt (by Sybil) [7] Matilda, married Robert de Pont de l’Arche [7] William Giffard, held a clerical office [7] and acted as Empress Matilda’s chancellor [17] (possibly) William, held a clerical office in “Cheddar Church” [7]
In 1135, Stephen of Blois, the son of Henry I's sister Adela, seized the English throne, his cousin Empress Matilda's claims being ignored by the Norman barons. His wife, Matilda of Boulogne, became his Queen consort, but their son Eustace predeceased Stephen, and he was forced to appoint the Empress's son Henry as his successor.
Matilda claimed the title of Holy Roman Empress through her marriage to Emperor Henry V, but her husband died in 1125, and she was remarried in 1128 to Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou, whose lands bordered the Duchy of Normandy. [27]