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In a circuit with a three terminal device, such as a transistor, the current–voltage curve of the collector-emitter current depends on the base current. This is depicted on graphs by a series of (I C –V CE) curves at different base currents. A load line drawn on this graph shows how the base current will affect the operating point of the ...
Shockley derives an equation for the voltage across a p-n junction in a long article published in 1949. [2] Later he gives a corresponding equation for current as a function of voltage under additional assumptions, which is the equation we call the Shockley ideal diode equation. [3]
The Shockley diode equation relates the diode current of a p-n junction diode to the diode voltage .This relationship is the diode I-V characteristic: = (), where is the saturation current or scale current of the diode (the magnitude of the current that flows for negative in excess of a few , typically 10 −12 A).
Here, the load current I R2 is supplied by the transistor whose base is now connected to the Zener diode. Thus the transistor's base current (I B) forms the load current for the Zener diode and is much smaller than the current through R 2. This regulator is classified as "series" because the regulating element, viz., the transistor, appears in ...
The collector–emitter current can be viewed as being controlled by the base–emitter current (current control), or by the base–emitter voltage (voltage control). These views are related by the current–voltage relation of the base–emitter junction, which is the usual exponential current–voltage curve of a p–n junction (diode).
In electronics, the Gummel plot is the combined plot of the base and collector electric currents, and , of a bipolar transistor vs. the base–emitter voltage, , on a semi-logarithmic scale. This plot is very useful in device characterization because it reflects on the quality of the emitter–base junction while the base–collector bias, V bc ...
The unit here is %/V. For example, In the ABLIC Inc. S1206-series regulator device the typical line regulation is expressed as 0.05%/V which means that the change in the output with respect to change in the input of the regulator device is 0.05%, when the output of the device is set at 1V.
BY-series silicon rectifier diodes (e.g., BY127 1250V, 1A rectifier diode) BZ-series silicon Zener diodes (e.g., BZY88C4V7 4.7V Zener diode) Other common numbering/coding systems (generally manufacturer-driven) include: GD-series germanium diodes (e.g., GD9) – this is a very old coding system; OA-series germanium diodes (e.g., OA47) – a ...