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Amine. In chemistry, amines (/ ə ˈ m iː n, ˈ æ m iː n /, [1] [2] UK also / ˈ eɪ m iː n / [3]) are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.Formally, amines are derivatives of ammonia (NH 3 (in which the bond angle between the nitrogen and hydrogen is 107°), wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an ...
Metal ammine complexes find many uses. Cisplatin (cis-[PtCl 2 (NH 3) 2]) is a drug used in treating cancer. [19] Many other amine complexes of the platinum group metals have been evaluated for this application. In the separation of the individual platinum metals from their ore, several schemes rely on the precipitation of [RhCl(NH 3) 5]Cl 2.
A solid with extensive hydrogen bonding will be considered a molecular solid, yet strong hydrogen bonds can have a significant degree of covalent character. As noted above, covalent and ionic bonds form a continuum between shared and transferred electrons; covalent and weak bonds form a continuum between shared and unshared electrons.
Hydrogen for the reduction of C=N double bond can either be provided by hydrogen gas (H 2) or transferred from sources of H 2, such as alcohols and formic acid. The process is usually catalyzed by transition metal complexes. For metal catalyzed reactions, the transfer of H 2 to the imine can proceed by either inner sphere or outer sphere ...
The general notation for hydrogen bonding is Dn−H···Ac, where the solid line represents a polar covalent bond, and the dotted or dashed line indicates the hydrogen bond. [6] The most frequent donor and acceptor atoms are nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), and fluorine (F), due to their high electronegativity and ability to engage in stronger ...
Binary hydrogen compounds in group 1 are the ionic hydrides (also called saline hydrides) wherein hydrogen is bound electrostatically. Because hydrogen is located somewhat centrally in an electronegative sense, it is necessary for the counterion to be exceptionally electropositive for the hydride to possibly be accurately described as truly behaving ionic.
Metallic bonding is mostly non-polar, because even in alloys there is little difference among the electronegativities of the atoms participating in the bonding interaction (and, in pure elemental metals, none at all). Thus, metallic bonding is an extremely delocalized communal form of covalent bonding.
The addition of hydrogen and an amino group (NR 2) using reagents other than the amine HNR 2 is known as a "formal hydroamination" reaction. Although the advantages of atom economy and/or ready available of the nitrogen source are diminished as a result, the greater thermodynamic driving force, as well as ability to tune the aminating reagent ...