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radical symbol (for square root) 1637 (with the vinculum above the radicand) René Descartes (La Géométrie) % percent sign: 1650 (approx.) unknown
greek beta symbol u+03d1: ϑ: greek theta symbol u+03d2: ϒ: greek upsilon with hook symbol u+03d5: ϕ: greek phi symbol u+03f0: ϰ: greek kappa symbol u+03f1: ϱ: greek rho symbol u+03f4: ϴ: greek capital theta symbol u+03f5: ϵ: greek lunate epsilon symbol u+03f6 ϶ greek reversed lunate epsilon symbol
√ (square-root symbol) Denotes square root and is read as the square root of. Rarely used in modern mathematics without a horizontal bar delimiting the width of its argument (see the next item). For example, √2. √ (radical symbol) 1. Denotes square root and is read as the square root of.
The square root of a positive integer is the product of the roots of its prime factors, because the square root of a product is the product of the square roots of the factors. Since p 2 k = p k , {\textstyle {\sqrt {p^{2k}}}=p^{k},} only roots of those primes having an odd power in the factorization are necessary.
The two square roots of a negative number are both imaginary numbers, and the square root symbol refers to the principal square root, the one with a positive imaginary part. For the definition of the principal square root of other complex numbers, see Square root § Principal square root of a complex number.
On IBM PC compatible personal computers from the 1980s, the BIOS allowed the user to hold down the Alt key and type a decimal number on the keypad. It would place the corresponding code into the keyboard buffer so that it would look (almost) as if the code had been entered by a single keystroke.
A square root of a number x is a number r which, when squared, becomes x: =. Every positive real number has two square roots, one positive and one negative. For example, the two square roots of 25 are 5 and −5. The positive square root is also known as the principal square root, and is denoted with a radical sign:
The font was created by Adobe and has its own character encoding, with the Greek letters arranged according to similar Latin letters (Chi = C, etc.).The document describing the mapping to Unicode code points [2] was created before several of the characters were added to Unicode, so the original mapping assigns several of the characters to the Private Use Area (PUA).