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Young plants and seeds are poisonous, causing nausea, muscle twitches, paralysis, and often death. [citation needed] Dicentra cucullaria: bleeding heart, Dutchman's breeches Papaveraceae: All parts of the plant contain neurotoxic alkaloids such as isoquinoline and cucullarine, which are known to be poisonous to cats, cattle, and humans. [107]
Toxopneustes pileolus, commonly known as the flower urchin, is a widespread and commonly encountered species of sea urchin from the Indo-West Pacific.It is considered highly dangerous, as it is capable of delivering extremely painful and medically significant stings when touched.
Piscidia piscipula, commonly named Florida fishpoison tree, Jamaican dogwood, or fishfuddle, is a medium-sized, deciduous, tropical tree in the Fabaceae family.It is native to the Greater Antilles (except Puerto Rico), extreme southern Florida (primarily the Florida Keys) and the Bahamas, and the coastal region from Panama northward to the vicinity of Ocampo, Tamaulipas, Mexico. [3]
Tribal people historically used various plants for medicinal and food exploitation purposes. [4] Use of fish poisons is a very old practice in the history of humankind. In 1212 AD, King Frederick II prohibited the use of certain plant piscicides , and by the 15th century, similar laws had been decreed in other European countries, as well. [ 5 ]
They are known to possess medically significant venom to humans on their pedicellariae (tiny claw-like structures). They are sometimes collectively known as flower urchins , after the most widespread and most commonly encountered species in the genus, the flower urchin ( Toxopneustes pileolus ).
Pfiesteria biology and the role of PCOs in killing fish and sickening humans have been subject to several controversies and conflicting research results over the last few years. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Life cycle: Early research suggested a complex lifecycle of Pfiesteria piscicida , but this has become controversial over the past few years due to ...
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Blooming cyanobacteria can produce cyanotoxins in such concentrations that they can poison and even kill animals and humans. Cyanotoxins can also accumulate in other animals such as fish and shellfish, and cause poisonings such as shellfish poisoning. Some of the most powerful natural poisons known are cyanotoxins.