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These four states together contain two-fifths of India's rural population and reported high open defecation rates, over 87% in 2016. [4] By 2016, three states/UTs namely Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, Kerala had been declared ODF. [5] Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh, two states that had declared themselves open defecation-free, are yet to achieve that ...
Open defecation has been an issue in India. A report published by WaterAid stated that India had the highest number of people without access to basic sanitation despite efforts made by the Government of India under the Swachh Bharat Mission. [42] [43] About 522 million people practiced open defecation in India in 2014, despite having access to ...
[48] [49] [50] Since 2014, the Government of India, has made remarkable strides in reaching the Open Defecation Free targets. 36 states and union territories, 706 districts and over 603,175 villages have been declared open defecation-free as of January 2020. [51] Where it achieved a measure of success, SBM built on the earlier sanitation ...
An increasing trend has been seen in India with how many households have toilet facilities. Although the Indian government has built more toilets, Indians do not necessarily use them, and continue to openly defecate [5] [6] [7] for a variety of reasons - poor quality or non-functioning toilets, reluctance to deviate from cultural norms, poverty, and government corruption.
Open defecation is the practice of defecating out in the open, rather than using a toilet. "Open defecation free" (ODF) is a central term for community-led total sanitation (CLTS) programs. It primarily means the eradication of open defecation in the entire community. However, ODF can also include additional criteria, such as: [7]
It was launched as part of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, which aimed to make India clean and free of open defecation by 2 October 2019. The first survey was undertaken in 2016 and covered 73 cities (53 cities with a population of over a million, and all state capitals); by 2020 the survey had grown to cover 4242 cities and was said to be the ...
In November 2008 the government of India launched a national urban sanitation policy with the goal of creating what it calls "totally sanitized cities" that are open-defecation free, safely collect and treat all their wastewater, eliminate manual scavenging and collect and dispose solid waste safely. As of 2010, 12 states were in the process of ...
Hon'ble President of India, I call on you as Head of State to ensure that India rises to the challenge of ending open defecation. As a citizen of India, I am proud of our country's rich and varied culture; we have a beautiful land. However, over 620 million people do not use a toilet and nearly as many accept this practice.