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Additionally, SnCl 2 is used to selectively reduce aromatic nitro groups to anilines. [11] Aromatic nitro group reduction using SnCl 2. SnCl 2 also reduces quinones to hydroquinones. Stannous chloride is also added as a food additive with E number E512 to some canned and bottled foods, where it serves as a color-retention agent and antioxidant.
Substance Formula 0 °C 10 °C 20 °C 30 °C 40 °C 50 °C 60 °C 70 °C 80 °C 90 °C 100 °C Barium acetate: Ba(C 2 H 3 O 2) 2: 58.8: 62: 72: 75: 78.5: 77: 75
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
3 R 4 Sn + SnCl 4 → 4 R 3 SnCl R 4 Sn + SnCl 4 → 2 R 2 SnCl 2 R 4 Sn + 3 SnCl 4 → 4 RSnCl 3. A related method involves redistribution of tin halides with organoaluminium compounds. [2]: 45–47 In principle, alkyltin halides can be formed from direct insertion of the metal into the carbon-halogen bond.
The additional water molecules link together the molecules of [SnCl 4 (H 2 O) 2] through hydrogen bonds. [3] Although the pentahydrate is the most common hydrate, lower hydrates have also been characterised. [4] Aside from water, other Lewis bases form adducts with SnCl 4. These include ammonia and organophosphines.
It is a colorless liquid that is soluble in organic solvents. ... 4 Sn + SnCl 4 → 4 (C 4 H 9) 3 SnCl. Tributyltin chloride hydrolyzes to the oxide [(C 4 H 9) 3 Sn] 2 O
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SnCl 4 + Sn → 2 SnCl 2. Tin can form many oxides, sulfides, and other chalcogenide derivatives. The dioxide SnO 2 (cassiterite) forms when tin is heated in the presence of air. [46] SnO 2 is amphoteric, which means that it dissolves in both acidic and basic solutions. [48] Stannates with the structure [Sn(OH) 6] 2−, like K 2 [Sn(OH)