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Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 S O.This colorless liquid is the sulfoxide most widely used commercially. It is an important polar aprotic solvent that dissolves both polar and nonpolar compounds and is miscible in a wide range of organic solvents as well as water.
Acetonitrile is used mainly as a solvent in the purification of butadiene in refineries. Specifically, acetonitrile is fed into the top of a distillation column filled with hydrocarbons including butadiene, and as the acetonitrile falls down through the column, it absorbs the butadiene which is then sent from the bottom of the tower to a second separating tower.
When comparing a polar and nonpolar molecule with similar molar masses, the polar molecule in general has a higher boiling point, because the dipole–dipole interaction between polar molecules results in stronger intermolecular attractions. One common form of polar interaction is the hydrogen bond, which is also
Decane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C 10 H 22.Although 75 structural isomers are possible for decane, the term usually refers to the normal-decane ("n-decane"), with the formula CH 3 (CH 2) 8 CH 3.
The three xylene isomers: o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene In organic chemistry, xylene or xylol (from Greek ξύλον (xylon) 'wood'; [1] [2] IUPAC name: dimethylbenzene) are any of three organic compounds with the formula (CH 3) 2 C 6 H 4.
A polar aprotic solvent is a solvent that lacks an acidic proton and is polar. Such solvents lack hydroxyl and amine groups. In contrast to protic solvents, these solvents do not serve as proton donors in hydrogen bonding, although they can be proton acceptors. Many solvents, including chlorocarbons and hydrocarbons, are classifiable as aprotic ...
The equilibrium constant tends to be high in nonpolar solvents; when K keto→enol is equal or greater than 1, the enol form is favoured. The keto form becomes more favourable in polar, hydrogen-bonding solvents, such as water. [7] The enol form is a vinylogous analogue of a carboxylic acid. [citation needed]
Butyraldehyde is produced almost exclusively by the hydroformylation of propylene: . CH 3 CH=CH 2 + H 2 + CO → CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CHO. Traditionally, hydroformylation was catalyzed by cobalt carbonyl but rhodium complexes are more common.