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A video telescope (fistuloscope) to allow surgeons to see inside the fistula tract. A unipolar electrode for diathermy of the internal tract. This is connected to a high frequency generator. A fistula brush and forceps for cleaning the tract and clearing any granulation tissue. The VAAFT procedure is done in two phases, diagnostic and operative.
Rectovaginal fistulas are often the result of trauma during childbirth (in which case it is known as obstetric fistula), with increased risk associated with significant lacerations or interventions are used such as episiotomy or operative (forceps/vacuum extraction) deliveries [2] or in situations where there is inadequate health care, such as in some developing countries.
Globally, 75 percent of urogenital fistulas are obstructive labor fistulas. The average age of a woman who develops a fistula due to prolonged labor is 28 years old. The average age of a woman who develops a fistula from other causes is 42 years old. [8] Women with a small pelvis are more likely to develop a fistula.
A ureterovaginal fistula is a result of trauma, infection, pelvic surgery, radiation treatment and therapy, malignancy, or inflammatory bowel disease. Symptoms can be troubling for women especially since some clinicians delay treatment until inflammation is reduced and stronger tissue has formed. [2]
In anatomy, a fistula (pl.: fistulas or fistulae /-l i,-l aɪ /; from Latin fistula, "tube, pipe") is an abnormal connection (i.e. tube) joining two hollow spaces (technically, two epithelialized surfaces), such as blood vessels, intestines, or other hollow organs to each other, often resulting in an abnormal flow of fluid from one space to the other.
Vesicovaginal fistula, or VVF, is an abnormal fistulous tract extending between the bladder and the vagina that allows the continuous involuntary discharge of urine into the vaginal vault. [ citation needed ]
Vesicouterine fistulas occur most commonly after lower segment caesarean sections (about 83-93% of cases). [2] The possible mechanisms by which vesicouterine fistulas occur following caesarean sections include undetected bladder injury during caesarean section, inadvertent placement of a suture through the bladder during the repair of the uterus and abnormal blood vessel connections following ...
A fistula involving the bladder can have one of many specific names, describing the specific location of its outlet: Bladder and intestine: "vesicoenteric", "enterovesical", or "vesicointestinal" [1] [2] [3] Bladder and colon: "vesicocolic" or "colovesical" [4] Bladder and rectum: "vesicorectal" or "rectovesical" [5]