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Toenailing or skew-nailing is a viable, structurally sound method [1] of the driving of a nail at a roughly 30° [2] angle to fasten two pieces of wood together, typically with their grains perpendicular. The term comes colloquially from fastening wood at the bottom, or toe, of the board.
One side of the head has a poll [1] with either a smooth or textured surface and used for driving, while the other is formed into a pair of downward curving V-shaped claws and used for prying — most commonly extracting nails from wood. The greater the curve of the claw(s), and longer the handle, the greater the leverage that may be applied.
As old growth wood has become much more valuable than the nails that hold it in place, there has been a move toward designs that take out nails with less damage yet. New designs have been introduced, including the Nail Jack and Nail Hunter nail pullers, which take a pliers-like approach to the old cat's paw design.
This is the most common form of the butt joint in building construction. Members are brought together and a number of nails are driven in to hold them in place. The technique of skew-nailing is applied so that nails are not parallel to each other and so resist the pulling apart of the joint. [2]
Nails are made in a great variety of forms for specialized purposes. The most common is a wire nail. [2] Other types of nails include pins, tacks, brads, spikes, and cleats. Nails are typically driven into the workpiece by a hammer or nail gun. A nail holds materials together by friction in the axial direction and shear strength
Though they vary in design, nailsets are typically made from a hard round or square steel rod which tapers at one end to a flat or slightly hollowed tip. The tip is placed against the head of the nail, while the other end of the nailset is struck with a hammer. [2] Nailsets come with different sized tips suited to different sized nail heads.
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Chalk line or ink line used to snap lines on the wood. Ink and a slurry of charcoal were used like chalk. Carpenter pencil; Scratch awl or similar tools were used to scratch lines on wood before the pencil was commonly used beginning in the 19th century in the U.S. Try square; Steel square is also known as a framing square. Historically a ...