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  2. Two Treatises of Government - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_Treatises_of_Government

    The concept of the right of revolution was also taken up by John Locke in Two Treatises of Government as part of his social contract theory. Locke declared that under natural law, all people have the right to life, liberty, and estate; under the social contract, the people could instigate a revolution against the government when it acted ...

  3. Social contract - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_contract

    The central assertion that social contract theory approaches is that law and political order are not natural, but human creations. The social contract and the political order it creates are simply the means towards an end—the benefit of the individuals involved—and legitimate only to the extent that they fulfill their part of the agreement.

  4. John Locke - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Locke

    Locke's political theory was founded upon that of social contract. Unlike Thomas Hobbes , Locke believed that human nature is characterised by reason and tolerance . Like Hobbes, Locke believed that human nature allows people to be selfish.

  5. Labor theory of property - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labor_theory_of_property

    Economist John Quiggin argues that this fits into a larger fundamental criticism of Locke's labor theory of property which values a particular type of labor and land use (i.e., agriculture) over all others. It thus does not recognize usage of land, for example, by hunter-gatherer societies as granting rights to ownership.

  6. Contractualism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contractualism

    Contractualism is a term in philosophy which refers either to a family of political theories in the social contract tradition (when used in this sense, the term is an umbrella term for all social contract theories that include contractarianism), [1] or to the ethical theory developed in recent years by T. M. Scanlon, especially in his book What We Owe to Each Other (published 1998).

  7. Liberalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberalism

    By placing the security of life, liberty and property as the supreme value of law and authority, Locke formulated the basis of liberalism based on social contract theory. To these early enlightenment thinkers, securing the essential amenities of life— liberty and private property —required forming a "sovereign" authority with universal ...

  8. Philosophy of human rights - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_human_rights

    They give up their natural complete liberty in exchange for protection from the Sovereign. This led to John Locke's theory that a failure of the government to secure rights is a failure which justifies the removal of the government, and was mirrored in later postulation by Jean-Jacques Rousseau in his "Du Contrat Social" (The Social Contract).

  9. Right of revolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_of_revolution

    The right formed an important part of his social contract theory, in which he defined the basis of social relationships. Locke said that under natural law, all people have the right to life, liberty, and private property; under the social contract, the people could instigate a revolution against the government when it acted against the ...