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Rice can come in many shapes, colours and sizes. This is a list of rice cultivars, also known as rice varieties.There are several species of grain called rice. [1] Asian rice (Oryza sativa) is most widely known and most widely grown, with two major subspecies (indica and japonica) and over 40,000 varieties. [2]
Basmati rice has a typical pandan-like (Pandanus amaryllifolius leaf) flavour caused by the aroma compound 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline. [31] Basmati grains contain about 0.09 ppm of this aromatic chemical compound naturally, a level that is about 12 times as much as non-basmati rice varieties, giving basmati its distinctive fragrance and flavour. [32]
The company has paddy and rice processing units producing Basmati rice in Bawal, Haryana.The company was founded by Sandeep and Sanjay Jhunjhunwala. From modest beginnings, the company has grown to hold the largest market share of the Basmati rice segment worldwide. REI ups is its ability to mature Basmati rice for 18–24 months.
Its export has enhanced India's annual basmati foreign exchange earning from ₹50000 million in 2009 to ₹264165.382 million (US$3,540.4 million) in 2021–22 [8] Pusa 1121 has major export share of ~70%. Pusa Basmati 1121 is widely recognised as the world's longest grain rice and is grown and traded widely in the neighbouring Pakistan. [9]
Pakistan’s basmati rice is loved & celebrated for its unique aroma and long grains, making it a staple in local cuisine. With varieties like Super Basmati and Basmati 1121, it has earned global acclaim, contributing significantly to Pakistan's agricultural economy. Efforts for Geographical Indication (GI) status aim to preserve its authenticity.
India is the leading exporter of Basmati Rice to the global market. [9] In the financial year 2018–19, India exported around 4.4 million metric tons [10] of Basmati rice worth US$4.7 billion. [9] A graph showing exports by India of Basmati and Non-Basmati Rice from 2021 to 2023. [11] [12]