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  2. Algorithms for calculating variance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms_for_calculating...

    This algorithm can easily be adapted to compute the variance of a finite population: simply divide by n instead of n − 1 on the last line.. Because SumSq and (Sum×Sum)/n can be very similar numbers, cancellation can lead to the precision of the result to be much less than the inherent precision of the floating-point arithmetic used to perform the computation.

  3. Gaussian function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_function

    Any least squares estimation algorithm can provide numerical estimates for the variance of each parameter (i.e., the variance of the estimated height, position, and width of the function). One can also use Cramér–Rao bound theory to obtain an analytical expression for the lower bound on the parameter variances, given certain assumptions ...

  4. List of numerical libraries - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_numerical_libraries

    ALGLIB is an open source numerical analysis library with C# version. Dual licensed: GPLv2+, commercial license. ILNumerics.Net Commercial high performance, typesafe numerical array classes and functions for general math, FFT and linear algebra, aims .NET/mono, 32&64 bit, script-like syntax in C#, 2D & 3D plot controls, efficient memory management.

  5. Interval arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interval_arithmetic

    The main objective of interval arithmetic is to provide a simple way of calculating upper and lower bounds of a function's range in one or more variables. These endpoints are not necessarily the true supremum or infimum of a range since the precise calculation of those values can be difficult or impossible; the bounds only need to contain the function's range as a subset.

  6. List of numerical-analysis software - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_numerical-analysis...

    It provides a rich Excel-like user interface and its built-in vector programming language FPScript has a syntax similar to MATLAB. FreeMat, an open-source MATLAB-like environment with a GPL license. GNU Octave is a high-level language, primarily intended for numerical computations. It provides a convenient command-line interface for solving ...

  7. Numerical integration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_integration

    A quadrature rule is an approximation of the definite integral of a function, usually stated as a weighted sum of function values at specified points within the domain of integration. Numerical integration methods can generally be described as combining evaluations of the integrand to get an approximation to the integral.

  8. Numerical method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_method

    In numerical analysis, a numerical method is a mathematical tool designed to solve numerical problems. The implementation of a numerical method with an appropriate convergence check in a programming language is called a numerical algorithm.

  9. Romberg's method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romberg's_method

    For the second iteration the values of the first iteration are used in the formula ⁠ 16 × (more accurate) − (less accurate) / 15 ⁠ The third iteration uses the next power of 4: ⁠ 64 × (more accurate) − (less accurate) / 63 ⁠ on the values derived by the second iteration. The pattern is continued until there is one estimate.