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In geometry, tangent circles (also known as kissing circles) are circles in a common plane that intersect in a single point. There are two types of tangency : internal and external. Many problems and constructions in geometry are related to tangent circles; such problems often have real-life applications such as trilateration and maximizing the ...
For two of these, the external tangent lines, the circles fall on the same side of the line; for the two others, the internal tangent lines, the circles fall on opposite sides of the line. The external tangent lines intersect in the external homothetic center, whereas the internal tangent lines intersect at the internal homothetic center. Both ...
Draw circle C that has PQ as diameter. Draw one of the tangents from G to circle C. point A is where the tangent and the circle touch. Draw circle D with center G through A. Circle D cuts line l at the points T1 and T2. One of the required circles is the circle through P, Q and T1. The other circle is the circle through P, Q and T2.
Thus, as the solution circle swells, the internally tangent given circles must swell in tandem, whereas the externally tangent given circles must shrink, to maintain their tangencies. Viète used this approach to shrink one of the given circles to a point, thus reducing the problem to a simpler, already solved case.
Kissing circles. Given three mutually tangent circles (black), there are, in general, two possible answers (red) as to what radius a fourth tangent circle can have.In geometry, Descartes' theorem states that for every four kissing, or mutually tangent, circles, the radii of the circles satisfy a certain quadratic equation.
For any two circles in a plane, an external tangent is a line that is tangent to both circles but does not pass between them. There are two such external tangent lines for any two circles. Each such pair has a unique intersection point in the extended Euclidean plane. Monge's theorem states that the three such points given by the three pairs of ...
Any triangle has three externally tangent circles centered at its vertices. Two more circles, its Soddy circles, are tangent to the three circles centered at the vertices; their centers are called Soddy centers. The line through the Soddy centers is the Soddy line of the triangle. These circles are related to many other notable features of the ...
This circle is tangent to the two given circles in points Q, P'. The proof for the other pair of antihomologous points (P, Q'), as well as in the case of the internal homothetic center is analogous. Figure 6: Family of tangent circles for the external homothetic center Figure 7: Family of tangent circles for the internal homothetic center