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Sound localization is a listener's ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound in direction and distance. The sound localization mechanisms of the mammalian auditory system have been extensively studied. The auditory system uses several cues for sound source localization, including time difference and level difference (or ...
[10] Like lower regions, this region of the brain has combination-sensitive neurons that have nonlinear responses to stimuli. [6] Recent studies conducted in bats and other mammals have revealed that the ability to process and interpret modulation in frequencies primarily occurs in the superior and middle temporal gyri of the temporal lobe. [6]
Tonotopic organization in the cochlea forms throughout pre- and post-natal development through a series of changes that occur in response to auditory stimuli. [7] Research suggests that the pre-natal establishment of tonotopic organization is partially guided by synaptic reorganization; however, more recent studies have shown that the early changes and refinements occur at both the circuit and ...
The first computational map to be proposed was the Jeffress model (1948) which stated that the computation of sound localization was dependent upon timing differences of sensory input. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Since the introduction of the Jeffress model, more general guiding principles for relating brain maps to the properties of the computations they ...
The process of binaural fusion is important for perceiving the locations of sound sources, especially along the horizontal or azimuth direction, and it is important for sound segregation. [1] Sound segregation refers to the ability to identify acoustic components from one or more sound sources. [ 2 ]
Sound localization is the process of determining the location of a sound source. The brain utilizes subtle differences in loudness, tone and timing between the two ears to allow us to localize sound sources. [10] Localization can be described in terms of three-dimensional position: the azimuth or horizontal angle, the zenith or vertical angle ...
Human listeners combine information from two ears to localize and separate sound sources originating in different locations in a process called binaural hearing. The powerful signal processing methods found in the neural systems and brains of humans and other animals are flexible, environmentally adaptable, [ 1 ] and take place rapidly and ...
In the last two decades, significant advances occurred in our understanding of the neural processing of sounds in primates. Initially by recording of neural activity in the auditory cortices of monkeys [18] [19] and later elaborated via histological staining [20] [21] [22] and fMRI scanning studies, [23] 3 auditory fields were identified in the primary auditory cortex, and 9 associative ...