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Swarovski (/ s w ɒ ˈ r ɒ f s k i /, German: [svaˈrɔfski] ⓘ) is an Austrian producer of glass based in Wattens in the Tyrol.It was founded in 1895 by Daniel Swarovski.. The company is split into three major industry areas: the Swarovski Crystal Business, which primarily produces crystal glass, jewelry, rhinestone, watches and accessories; Swarovski Optik, which produces optical ...
Austrian crystal is a generic term for cut lead-crystal beads, based on the location and prestige of the Swarovski firm. Czech glass beads are made in the Czech Republic, in particular an area called Jablonec nad Nisou. Production of glass beads in the area dates back to the 14th century, though production was depressed under communist rule.
Beads may be large or small; the smallest type of beads used are known as seed beads, these are the beads used for the "woven" style of beaded jewellery. Seed beads are also used in an embroidery technique where they are sewn onto fabric backings to create broad collar neck pieces and beaded bracelets.
Swarovski Kristallwelten [7] (Swarovski Crystal Worlds) has acquired a new historical asset: Starting right now, the Roman Excavations are open to the public, allowing visitors to literally open a window on the past. In the course of the extensive reconstruction work carried out in 2014, wall remains dating back to Roman times were discovered ...
However, red-orange glass beads excavated from the Indus Valley Civilization dated before 1700 BC (possibly as early as 1900 BC) predate sustained glass production, which appeared around 1600 BC in Mesopotamia and 1500 BC in Egypt. [27] [28] During the Late Bronze Age, there was a rapid growth in glassmaking technology in Egypt and Western Asia ...
In 1680, Johann Kaspar Kittel created the first necklaces made of Bohemian glass beads in Jiřetín pod Jedlovou. After refining the beads, Kittel sells them all over the Bohemian and Saxon lands, as well as establishing more trading locations. [3] In 1711, the Fischer brothers brought the secrets of crystal cutting and polishing to North Bohemia.