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Cryoglobulins typically precipitate at temperatures below normal human body temperature (37 °C (99 °F)) and will dissolve again if the blood is heated. The precipitated clump can block blood vessels and cause the extremities to become gangrenous. While this disease is commonly referred to as cryoglobulinemia in the medical literature, it is ...
Main symptoms that may appear in anemia [20] The hand of a person with severe anemia (on the left, with ring) compared to one without (on the right). A person with anemia may not have any symptoms, depending on the underlying cause, and no symptoms may be noticed, as the anemia is initially mild, and then the symptoms become worse as the anemia worsens.
Iron-deficiency anemia is anemia caused by a lack of iron. [3] Anemia is defined as a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. [3] When onset is slow, symptoms are often vague such as feeling tired, weak, short of breath, or having decreased ability to exercise. [1]
Aplastic anemia is a condition where bone marrow does not produce sufficient new cells to replenish blood cells. [27] Autoimmune hemolytic anemia: D59.0-D59.1: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a type of hemolytic anemia where the body's immune system attacks its own red blood cells (RBCs), leading to their destruction .
Hypothermia is defined as a body core temperature below 35.0 °C (95.0 °F) in humans. [2] Symptoms depend on the temperature. In mild hypothermia, there is shivering and mental confusion.
Cold autoantibodies act best at temperatures of 0–4 °C. Patients with cold-type AIHA, therefore, have higher disease activity when body temperature falls into a hypothermic state. Usually, the antibody becomes active when it reaches the limbs, at which point it opsonizes RBCs.
Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH) or Donath–Landsteiner hemolytic anemia (DLHA) is an autoimmune hemolytic anemia featured by complement-mediated intravascular hemolysis after cold exposure. [1] It can present as an acute non-recurrent postinfectious event in children, or chronic relapsing episodes in adults with hematological malignancies ...
Pernicious anemia is the most common cause of vitamin B 12 deficiency anemia in adults, which results from malabsorption of vitamin B 12 due to a lack or loss of intrinsic factor. [2] [8] There are relatively few studies which have assessed the impact of haematological measures in response to B 12 supplementation.