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Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac surrounding the heart. [ 8 ] Symptoms typically include sudden onset of sharp chest pain, which may also be felt in the shoulders, neck, or back. [ 1 ] The pain is typically less severe when sitting up and more severe when lying down or breathing deeply. [ 1 ]
An ECG showing pericarditis. Note the ST elevation in multiple leads with slight reciprocal ST depression in aVR. Acute pericarditis is a type of pericarditis (inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart, the pericardium) usually lasting less than 4 to 6 weeks. [1] It is the most common condition affecting the pericardium.
Myopericarditis. Myopericarditis is a combination of both myocarditis and pericarditis appearing in a single individual, namely inflammation of both the pericardium and the heart muscle. It can involve the presence of fluid in the heart. [1]
Purulent Pericarditis; Echocardiogram showing pericardial effusion with signs of cardiac tamponade: Specialty: Cardiology: Symptoms: substernal chest pain (exacerbated supine and with breathing deeply), dyspnea, fever, rigors/chills, and cardiorespiratory signs (i.e., tachycardia, friction rub, pulsus paradoxus, pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade, pleural effusion)
Treatments for pericarditis vary by severity. According to the American Heart Association, acute pericarditis can last from one to three weeks while chronic pericarditis lasts three months or longer.
Myocardial infarction (MI) refers to tissue death (infarction) of the heart muscle (myocardium) caused by ischemia, the lack of oxygen delivery to myocardial tissue. It is a type of acute coronary syndrome, which describes a sudden or short-term change in symptoms related to blood flow to the heart. [ 22 ]
CT scan, MRI [1] Treatment. Diuretic, Antibiotics [1] Constrictive pericarditis is a condition characterized by a thickened, fibrotic pericardium, limiting the heart's ability to function normally. [1] In many cases, the condition continues to be difficult to diagnose and therefore benefits from a good understanding of the underlying cause.
Pathology. Uremic pericarditis is associated with azotemia, and occurs in about 6-10% of kidney failure patients. BUN is normally >60 mg/dL (normal is 7–20 mg/dL). However, the degree of pericarditis does not correlate with the degree of serum BUN or creatinine elevation. The pathogenesis is poorly understood. [2]