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A macromolecule is a very ... Each of these molecules is required for life ... smaller molecules that can endow the protein with specific activities beyond ...
Metabolism (/ m ə ˈ t æ b ə l ɪ z ə m /, from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.The three main functions of metabolism are: the conversion of the energy in food to energy available to run cellular processes; the conversion of food to building blocks of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and some carbohydrates; and the ...
Anabolism (/ ə ˈ n æ b ə l ɪ z ə m /) is the set of metabolic pathways that construct macromolecules like DNA or RNA from smaller units. [1] [2] These reactions require energy, known also as an endergonic process. [3] Anabolism is the building-up aspect of metabolism, whereas catabolism is the breaking-down aspect. Anabolism is usually ...
The activities and structures of proteins may be examined in vitro, in vivo, and in silico. In vitro studies of purified proteins in controlled environments are useful for learning how a protein carries out its function: [ 67 ] for example, enzyme kinetics studies explore the chemical mechanism of an enzyme's catalytic activity and its relative ...
A cell is the basic unit of life that is responsible for the living and functioning of organisms. [3] Cell biology is the study of the structural and functional units of cells. Cell biology encompasses both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and has many subtopics which may include the study of cell metabolism , cell communication , cell cycle ...
Nucleic acids are chemical compounds that are found in nature. They carry information in cells and make up genetic material. These acids are very common in all living things, where they create, encode, and store information in every living cell of every life-form on Earth. In turn, they send and express that information inside and outside the ...
which are macromolecules, tend to be flat in taste, but some proteins, such as monellin and thaumatin, are known to be intensely sweet [1]. These sweet-tasting proteins may be used as low-calorie sweeteners because they are perceived by humans as intensely sweet, but have almost no calories [2]. 2. Miraculin, a taste-modifying protein
The main distinguishing feature of eukaryotes as compared to prokaryotes is compartmentalization: the presence of membrane-bound organelles (compartments) in which specific activities take place. Most important among these is a cell nucleus , [ 2 ] an organelle that houses the cell's DNA .