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For reversible (ideal) processes, the area under the T–s curve of a process is the heat transferred to the system during that process. [1] Working fluids are often categorized on the basis of the shape of their T–s diagram. An isentropic process is depicted as a vertical line on a T–s diagram, whereas an isothermal process is a horizontal ...
The three diagrams are constructed from the P–alpha diagram by using appropriate coordinate transformations. Not a thermodynamic diagram in a strict sense, since it does not display the energy–area equivalence, is the Stüve diagram; But due to its simpler construction it is preferred in education. [citation needed]
T–s diagram of a typical Rankine cycle operating between pressures of 0.06 bar and 50 bar. Left from the bell-shaped curve is liquid, right from it is gas, and under it is saturated liquid–vapour equilibrium. There are four processes in the Rankine cycle. The states are identified by numbers (in brown) in the T–s diagram.
The saturated liquid curve is the curve separating the subcooled liquid state and the two-phase state in the T–s diagram. [ 1 ] When used in a power cycle , the fluid expansion depends strongly on the nature of this saturation curve:
A saturation dome uses the projection of a P–v–T diagram (pressure, specific volume, and temperature) onto the P–v plane. The points that create the left-hand side of the dome represent the saturated liquid states, while the points on the right-hand side represent the saturated vapor states (commonly referred to as the “dry” region).
Because the net variation in state properties during a thermodynamic cycle is zero, it forms a closed loop on a P-V diagram. A P-V diagram's abscissa, Y axis, shows pressure (P) and ordinate, X axis, shows volume (V). The area enclosed by the loop is the net work done by the processes, i.e. the cycle:
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Furthermore, the area under these curves when plotted on a pressure—molar volume, see Fig. 1, are the work done by the substance, positive going from left to right, and negative from right to left. Likewise the net work done in a cycle is the area enclosed by the closed curve.