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Measures for urban sprawl in Europe: upper left the Dispersion of the built-up area (DIS), upper right the weighted urban proliferation (WUP). The term urban sprawl was often used in the letters between Lewis Mumford and Frederic J. Osborn, [17] firstly by Osborn in his 1941 letter to Mumford and later by Mumford, generally condemning the waste of agricultural land and landscape due to ...
In the United States and several other nations, the post–World War II boom led to major suburban development and urban sprawl, aided by increasing automobile ownership and cheap oil, as shown in this suburban development in Colorado Springs, Colorado in March 2008. Per capita GDP of various industrialized countries between 1920 and 1976
A series of four rings were outlined (Inner Urban, Suburban, Green Belt and Outer Country) in order to control development and limit sprawl into regional areas. The 'Inner Urban Ring' restricted any new housing or industrial development that were deemed to be above the limit of tolerable conditions, whilst reconstructing damaged buildings in a ...
Suburbanization has negative social impacts on many groups of people, including children, adolescents, and the elderly. Children affected by suburbanization or urban sprawl are occasionally referred to as "cul-de-sac kids." Because children living in suburbs typically cannot go anywhere without a parent, they are less able to practice independence.
Urban Sprawl: The expansion of suburban areas contributes significantly to urban sprawl. This phenomenon involves the spread of low-density residential development over large areas of land, leading to several environmental issues such as habitat destruction and loss of agricultural land.
By the outbreak of Second World War, thinking was sufficiently advanced that the Ministry of Town and Country Planning was established on 7 February 1943 under William Morrison, the former Postmaster-General. [2] During the war, a series of royal commissions looked into specific problems in urban planning and development control. These included:
Urban decay is the sociological process whereby a city, or part of a city, falls into disrepair and decrepitude. Its characteristics are depopulation , economic restructuring , abandoned buildings, high local unemployment (and thus poverty), [ 87 ] fragmented families, political disenfranchisement , crime, and a desolate, inhospitable city ...
The term "urban consolidation" first appears in social science and urban planning literature around the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Much of the existing literature on urban consolidation comes from Australia; some of the world's first government-official urban consolidation policies were enacted in Sydney and Melbourne to increase construction of higher-density terrace housing in the ...