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The Citroën Traction Avant (French pronunciation: [tʁaksjɔnaˈvɑ̃]) is the world's first monocoque-bodied, front-wheel drive car that was mass-produced. [2] A range of mostly four-door saloons and executive cars, as well as longer wheelbased "Commerciale", [3] and three row seating "Familiale" models, were produced with four- and six-cylinder engines, by French carmaker Citroën from 1934 ...
In 1952 Pichon-Parat built a customized Citroën Traction Avant, based on a 1949 six-cylinder 15/6 model. Changes to the interior included adding a gear change on the steering wheel and a radio. On the exterior, only the original roof and rear door panels were retained. The headlamps were integrated into the front wings and air vents were added.
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While the derated "Traction Avant" four-cylinder engine and the unsophisticated three-speed gearbox (non-synchromesh on first gear) offered only a modest top speed of just under 100 km/h, the chassis and suspension layout provided good roadholding qualities for a van of the era, especially on the short-wheelbase version: low-slung chassis, with ...
The Citroën DS (French pronunciation: [si.tʁɔ.ɛn de.ɛs]) is a front mid-engined, front-wheel drive executive car manufactured and marketed by Citroën from 1955 to 1975, in fastback/sedan, wagon/estate, and convertible body configurations, across three series of one generation.
The first production hatchback was made by Citroën in 1938: the (11CV) "Commerciale" version of their 1934–1957 Citroën Traction Avant series. [27] [28] The initial target market was tradesmen who needed to carry bulky objects, like butchers, bakers, vintners, and grocers. [28]
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Citroën had developed expertise with front-wheel drive due to the pioneering Traction Avant, which was the first mass-produced steel monocoque front-wheel-drive car in the world. The 2CV was originally equipped with a sliding splined joint, and twin Hookes type universal joints on its driveshafts; later models used constant velocity joints and ...