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Russia's greenhouse gas emissions are large because of its energy policy. [1] Russia is rich in natural energy resources and is one of the world's energy superpowers. Russia is the world's leading net energy exporter, and was a major supplier to the European Union until the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
In 2002, the Russian government began reforming the power sector. The main goal was and remains upgrading the aging and outdated heating and electricity infrastructure. The restructuring involved the separation and privatization of the generation, transmission and sales companies. The grids were brought under regulatory supervision. [1]
[5] [6] Russia relies on energy revenues to drive most of its growth. Russia has an abundance of petroleum, natural gas and precious metals, which make up a major share of Russia's exports. As of 2012 the oil-and-gas sector accounted for 16% of the GDP, 52% of federal budget revenues and over 70% of total exports. [needs update] [7] [8]
Russian government ownership of various companies and organizations, collectively known as state-owned enterprises (SOEs), still play an important role in the national economy. The approximately 4,100 enterprises that have some degree of state ownership accounted for 39% of all employment in 2007 (down from over 80% in 1990).
The pipeline was part of Russia's general energy pivot to Asia, a strategy focused on shifting export dependence away from Europe, and taking advantage of growing Asian demand for crude. Russia also ships crude by tanker from the Northwest ports of Ust-Luga and Primorsk, as well as the Black Sea port of Novorossiysk, and Kozmino in the Far East.
Russian businessman Andrey Melnichenko ceded control of two of the world's largest coal and fertilizers companies to his wife the day before he was sanctioned by the European Union, according to ...
In his announcement on the decision to create the ministry in Novo Ogaryovo residence, President of Russia Vladimir Putin offered the post to the governor of Ivanovo Oblast, Mikhail Men [3] and said that "construction is to a certain degree the economy driver. And with regard to housing, needless to say - we are already sick and tired of ...
Unseasonably mild weather conditions led to a slight decrease in demand (declining by 14% year-on-year according to preliminary estimates), and a 20% increase in wind energy output in the first quarter of 2022 reduced gas burn in the power sector. Nonetheless, following Russia's invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, European natural gas ...