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In a flocking machine the "flock" is given a negative charge whilst the substrate is earthed. Flock material flies vertically onto the substrate attaching to previously applied glue. A number of different substrates can be flocked including textiles, fabric, woven fabric, paper, PVC, sponge, toys, and automotive plastic.
However, it held onto Verson, because a 16% duty had been imposed on Japanese presses as a result of claims that it was dumping machines onto the US market. [12] [13] [14] In 1996, Verson built what was referred to by the Chicago Tribune as the "mother of all machine tools," a 2,500-ton press as big as a house. It was capable of stamping out ...
Steam blocking is done by hovering a hot, steaming iron over the fabric. Hovering the iron about 1 or 2 inches above the fabric flattens the stitch, makes it thinner, and allows it to hold its shape better. This is the only method that works for blocking synthetics, like acrylic.
Fahey, Mary (2007). "The Care and Preservation of Antique Textiles and Costumes." Henry Ford Museum. Finch, Karen, and Greta Putnam (1977). Caring for Textiles. London: Barrie & Jenkins. Mailand, Harold F (1978). Considerations for the Care of Textiles and Costumes: A Handbook for the Non-Specialist. Indianapolis, IN: Indianapolis Museum of Art.
The typical machine is loaded with a continuous flat roll of plastic film, which has usually had labeling and artwork applied. Plastic is the most commonly used packaging material in the food industry, but the technology can be used to form continuous metallized foil/film, paper, and fabric product containers by changing the edge sealing/seaming methods.
In stoving, temperature or heating was the consideration, while it ignored moisture application. When block printed material (one of the earliest forms of printing textiles) containing iron or aluminium mordants was thought to require merely heat to adhere to fabric, it was used. Those chambers were named "stoves."
The formation of the pile on a fabric results in a "lofty" handle and may also subdue the weave or pattern and color of the cloth. [12] There are two types of raising machines; the Teasel machine and the Card-wire machine. The speed of the card-wire raising machine varies from 12-15 yards per minute, which is 20-30% higher than that of teasel ...
Scouring is an essential pre-treatment for the subsequent finishing stages that include bleaching, dyeing, and printing. [5] Raw and unfinished textiles contain a significant amount of impurities, both natural and foreign.