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Each cycle occurs in phases based on events either in the ovary (ovarian cycle) or in the uterus (uterine cycle). The ovarian cycle consists of the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase; the uterine cycle consists of the menstrual, proliferative and secretory phases. Day one of the menstrual cycle is the first day of the period ...
If conception does not occur, decreasing excretion of progesterone will allow the hypothalamus to restart secretion of GnRH. These hormone levels also control the uterine (menstrual) cycle causing the proliferation phase in preparation for ovulation, the secretory phase after ovulation, and menstruation when conception does not occur.
The increase in estrogen and progesterone also lead to increased basal body temperature during the luteal phase. [3] The LH surge that occurs during ovulation triggers the release of the oocyte and its cumulus oophorus from the ovary and into the fallopian tube and triggers the oocyte to divide and enter metaphase of meiosis II (46 or 2n ...
Note that ovulation is characterized by a sharp spike in levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), resulting from the peak of estrogen levels during the follicular phase. Ovulation occurs about midway through the menstrual cycle, after the follicular phase. The days in which a woman is most fertile can be ...
Menopause, also known as the climacteric, is the time when menstrual periods permanently stop, marking the end of the reproductive stage for the female human. [1] [6] [7] It typically occurs between the ages of 45 and 55, although the exact timing can vary. [8]
The follicular phase, also known as the preovulatory phase or proliferative phase, [1] is the phase of the estrous cycle (or, in primates [2] for example, the menstrual cycle) during which follicles in the ovary mature from primary follicle to a fully mature Graafian follicle. It ends with ovulation.
In the absence of a developed follicle, ovulation cannot occur so that fertilisation is made impossible and contraception is achieved. [29] In comparison, Progesterone is more efficacious than Oestrogen not only because of its additional action in impeding LH, but also its ability to modulate the cervical mucus into sperm-repellent.
Follicle ‘selection’ is the process by which a single ‘dominant’ follicle is chosen from the recruited cohort or wave for preferential growth. It has generally been documented to occur once in the early- to mid- follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, leading to ovulation. [1]