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Fetal abnormalities are conditions that affect a fetus or embryo, are able to be diagnosed prenatally, and may be fatal or cause disease after birth. They may include aneuploidies, structural abnormalities, or neoplasms. Acardiac twin; Achondrogenesis; Achondroplasia
Birth defect is a widely used term for a congenital malformation, i.e. a congenital, physical anomaly that is recognizable at birth, and which is significant enough to be considered a problem.
In January 2017, the journal was merged with Birth Defects Research Part B and Birth Defects Research Part C and given its present name Birth Defects Research. The Journal is the official publication of the Society for Birth Defects Research and Prevention. [5] According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2 ...
Congenital cardiac anomalies including pulmonary artery stenosis and patent ductus arteriosus can be seen in infants with CRS. Infants should undergo cardiac evaluation soon after birth and those with confirmed cardiac lesions will require specialized care with a pediatric cardiologist for any interventions and follow-up care.
fetal infections (maternofetal infections) genetic causes (or intrinsic causes) (genetic malformative diseases) chromosomal anomalies (chromosomal malformative diseases) numerical chromosomal anomalies (e.g. trisomy 13, trisomy 18, trisomy 21) structural chromosomal anomalies microdeletions (microdeletion syndromes) chromosomal rearrangements
The infant may be seriously affected and have a variety of birth defects. Complications in the mother and fetus can include pre-eclampsia, anemia, miscarriage, low birth weight, still birth, congestive heart failure , impaired neurointellectual development, and if severe, congenital iodine deficiency syndrome .
About 3% of newborns have a "major physical anomaly", meaning a physical anomaly that has cosmetic or functional significance. [21] Developmental defects manifest in approximately 3% to 5% of newborns in the United States, between 2% to 3% of which are teratogen-induced. [22] Congenital disorders are responsible for 20% of infant deaths. [23]
Caudal regression syndrome, or sacral agenesis (or hypoplasia of the sacrum), is a rare birth defect. It is a congenital disorder in which the fetal development of the lower spine—the caudal partition of the spine—is abnormal. [1] It occurs at a rate of approximately one per 60,000 live births. [2]