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The laws of thermodynamics are a set of scientific laws which define a group of physical quantities, such as temperature, energy, and entropy, that characterize thermodynamic systems in thermodynamic equilibrium.
The first law of thermodynamics is a formulation of the law of conservation of energy in the context of thermodynamic processes.The law distinguishes two principal forms of energy transfer, heat and thermodynamic work, that modify a thermodynamic system containing a constant amount of matter.
The Laws of Thermodynamics (Spanish: Las leyes de la termodinámica) is a 2018 Spanish comedy film directed and written by Mateo Gil. [1] [2] The film is a romantic comedy, but is presented partially as a documentary with protagonist "physics geek" Manel attempting to explain the characters behaviour and emotion using the laws.
Figure 1. A thermodynamic model system. Differences in pressure, density, and temperature of a thermodynamic system tend to equalize over time. For example, in a room containing a glass of melting ice, the difference in temperature between the warm room and the cold glass of ice and water is equalized by energy flowing as heat from the room to the cooler ice and water mixture.
The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a closed system at thermodynamic equilibrium approaches a constant value when its temperature approaches absolute zero.
Schematic figure of Maxwell's demon thought experiment. Maxwell's demon is a thought experiment that appears to disprove the second law of thermodynamics.It was proposed by the physicist James Clerk Maxwell in 1867. [1]
The second law of thermodynamics is a physical law based on universal empirical observation concerning heat and energy interconversions.A simple statement of the law is that heat always flows spontaneously from hotter to colder regions of matter (or 'downhill' in terms of the temperature gradient).
The zeroth law of thermodynamics is one of the four principal laws of thermodynamics.It provides an independent definition of temperature without reference to entropy, which is defined in the second law.