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Additionally, it is usual to use degenerate codons that minimise stop codons (which are generally not desired). Consequently, the fully randomised 'NNN' is not ideal, and alternative, more restricted degenerate codons are used. 'NNK' and 'NNS' have the benefit of encoding all 20 amino acids, but still encode a stop codon 3% of the time.
A less degenerate site would produce a nonsynonymous mutation on some of the substitutions. An example (and the only) 3-fold degenerate site is the third position of an isoleucine codon. AUU, AUC, or AUA all encode isoleucine, but AUG encodes methionine. In computation, this position is often treated as a twofold degenerate site.
A minor major seventh chord, or minor/major seventh chord (also known as the Hitchcock Chord) is a seventh chord composed of a root, minor third, perfect fifth, and major seventh (1, ♭ 3, 5, and 7). It can be viewed as a minor triad with an additional major seventh. When using popular-music symbols, it is denoted by e.g. m (M7). For example ...
In diatonic harmony, the half-diminished seventh chord occurs naturally on the seventh scale degree of any major scale (for example, B ø 7 in C major) and is thus a leading-tone seventh chord in the major mode. [3] Similarly, the chord also occurs on the second degree of any natural minor scale (e.g., D ø 7 in C minor). It has been described ...
In music, a minor seventh chord is a seventh chord composed of a root note, a minor third, a perfect fifth, and a minor seventh (1, ♭ 3, 5, ♭ 7). In other words, one could think of it as a minor triad with a minor seventh attached to it. [2] For example, the minor seventh chord built on A, commonly written as A− 7, has pitches A-C-E-G:
It was the first seventh chord to appear regularly in classical music. The V 7 chord is found almost as often as the V, the dominant triad, [5] and typically functions to drive the piece strongly toward a resolution to the tonic of the key. A dominant seventh chord can be represented by the integer notation {0, 4, 7, 10} relative to the dominant.
Codon usage bias in Physcomitrella patens. Codon usage bias refers to differences in the frequency of occurrence of synonymous codons in coding DNA.A codon is a series of three nucleotides (a triplet) that encodes a specific amino acid residue in a polypeptide chain or for the termination of translation (stop codons).
The diminished seventh chord occurs as a leading-tone seventh chord in the harmonic minor scale. It typically has dominant function and contains two diminished fifths, which often resolve inwards. [2] The chord notation for the diminished seventh chord (assuming root C) is Cdim 7 or C o 7 (or Cm 6 ♭ 5 for the enharmonic variant).