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Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no recent tree cover. [1] There are three types of afforestation: natural regeneration, agroforestry and tree plantations. [2] Afforestation has many benefits.
A satellite image of the Sahara, the world's largest hot desert and third largest desert after Antarctica and the Arctic. Desert greening is the process of afforestation or revegetation of deserts for ecological restoration (biodiversity), sustainable farming and forestry, but also for reclamation of natural water systems and other ecological systems that support life.
There is controversy around the usage of the term "ecosystem engineer" to classify a species, as it can be perceived as a "buzzword" to the ecological science community. The use of the term "ecosystem engineering" might suggest that the species was intentionally and consciously modifying its environment. [ 11 ]
German-Israeli researcher Michael Evenari has shown how novel techniques were developed, such as runoff rainwater collection and management systems, which harvested water from larger areas and directed it onto smaller plots. [4] This allowed the cultivation of plants with much higher water needs than the given arid environment could provide for ...
Wildlands Conservation Trust and Food & Trees for Africa (FTFA) are some of the oldest NGOs working to plant trees throughout South Africa—both established in the early 1990s. Greenpop is a national Social Enterprise established in 2010 which focusses on tree planting in sustainable urban greening and forest restoration in Sub-Saharan Africa .
Dryland farming caused a large dust storm in parts of Eastern Washington on October 4, 2009. Courtesy: NASA/GSFC, MODIS Rapid Response [1]. Dryland farming has evolved as a set of techniques and management practices to adapt to limited availability of water, as in the Western US and other regions affected by climate change for crops such as tomato and maize.
Drylands are zones where precipitation is balanced by evaporation from surfaces and by transpiration by plants (evapotranspiration). [1] The United Nations Environment Program defines drylands as tropical and temperate areas with an aridity index of less than 0.65. [2] One can classify drylands into four sub-types: Dry sub-humid lands; Semi ...
Forest pathology – study of diseases of woody plants, and of the interactions between trees and pathogens, pests, and other stressors that affect their health and function. Silviculture – is the art and science of controlling the establishment, growth, composition, health, and quality of forests to meet specific objectives