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In the south, in the east Africa coastal forest, there are regions in which there is a tropical savanna climate. In the Cal Madow region of Somalia, there is cold steppe climate. In the northeast, annual rainfall is less than 4 inches (100 mm); in the central plateaus, it is about 8 to 12 inches (200 to 300 mm).
The geology of Somalia is built on more than 700 million year old igneous and metamorphic crystalline basement rock, which outcrops at some places in northern Somalia. These ancient units are covered in thick layers of sedimentary rock formed in the last 200 million years and influenced by the rifting apart of the Somali Plate and the Arabian ...
The drought has had a devastating impact on Somalia's agriculture sector, which constitutes up to 26% of the country's GDP, employs 90% of the informal workforce, and contributes 90% of its exports. Since mid-2021, one-third of the livestock in the most severely affected regions have died.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Somalia: Somalia – country located in the Horn of Africa . It is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, the Guardafui Channel and Somali Sea to the east, and Kenya to the southwest.
Somalia has an estimated population of 18.1 million, [16] [17] [18] of which 2.7 million live in the capital and largest city, Mogadishu. Around 85% of Somalia's residents are ethnic Somalis; the official languages of the country are Somali and Arabic, though Somali is the primary language. Somalia has historic and religious ties to the Arab ...
The Somali plate is a minor tectonic plate which straddles the Equator in the Eastern Hemisphere.It is currently in the process of separating from the African plate along the East African Rift Valley.
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Closeup of Cal Madow's plant species. Due to the Ogo Mountains' elevated, highland location in Somaliland, the range has an unexpectedly temperate climate. [3] The mountains also catch the precipitation of the Indian Ocean's monsoon winds, resulting in a rainy season that lasts from June until mid-September.