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Young woman asleep over study materials. The relationship between sleep and memory has been studied since at least the early 19th century.Memory, the cognitive process of storing and retrieving past experiences, learning and recognition, [1] is a product of brain plasticity, the structural changes within synapses that create associations between stimuli.
For example, declarative and procedural memory-recall tasks applied over early and late nocturnal sleep, as well as wakefulness controlled conditions, have been shown that declarative memory improves more during early sleep (dominated by SWS) while procedural memory during late sleep (dominated by REM sleep) does so. [101] [102]
Declarative memory has also been shown to benefit from sleep, but not in the same way as procedural memory. Declarative memories benefit from the slow-waves nREM sleep. [ 7 ] A study [ 12 ] was conducted where the subjects learned word pairs, and the results showed that sleep not only prevents the decay of memory, but also actively fixates ...
Lack of sleep and memory issues: Sleep Foundation Stress, anxiety, and memory issues: National Institute on Aging Aging’s effect on brain: National Institute on Aging
Sleep is also important for brain health, as poor sleep is a risk factor for cognitive issues such as memory loss. “Depriving humans of sleep leads to all sorts of problems and can cause serious ...
For example, studies based on declarative and procedural memory tasks applied over early and late nocturnal sleep, as well as wakefulness controlled conditions, have been shown that declarative memory improves more during early sleep (dominated by SWS) while procedural memory during late sleep (dominated by REM sleep). [139] [140]
If PKA or protein synthesis inhibition occurs at certain moments during sleep, memory consolidation can be disrupted [citation needed]. In addition, mice with genetic inhibition of PKA have been shown to have long-term memory deficits. [48] Thus, sleep deprivation may act through the inhibition of these protein synthesis pathways.
The link between memory, sleep, and dreams becomes more significant in studies analyzing memory consolidation during sleep. Research has shown that NREM sleep is responsible for the consolidation of facts and episodes in contrast to REM sleep that consolidates more emotionally related aspects of memory. [19]