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The main salivary glands. There are three pairs of main salivary glands and between 800 and 1,000 minor salivary glands, all of which mainly serve the digestive process, and also play an important role in the maintenance of dental health and general mouth lubrication, without which speech would be impossible. [11]
Every day, seven liters of fluid are secreted by the digestive system. This fluid is composed of four primary components: ions, digestive enzymes, mucus, and bile. About half of these fluids are secreted by the salivary glands, pancreas, and liver, which compose the accessory organs and glands of the digestive system.
The two parotid glands are major salivary glands wrapped around the mandibular ramus in humans. [6] These are largest of the salivary glands, secreting saliva to facilitate mastication and swallowing, and amylase to begin the digestion of starches. [7] It is the serous type of gland which secretes alpha-amylase (also known as ptyalin). [8]
Of note is the diversity of the salivary glands. There are two types of salivary glands: Serous glands: These glands produce a secretion rich in water, electrolytes, and enzymes. A great example of a serous oral gland is the parotid gland. Mixed glands: These glands have both serous cells and mucous cells, and include sublingual and ...
The complete human digestive system is made up of the gastrointestinal tract plus the accessory organs of digestion (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver and gallbladder). [5] The tract may also be divided into foregut , midgut , and hindgut , reflecting the embryological origin of each segment.
4 - salivary glands, 5 - salivary ducts, 6 - oesophagus, 7 - stomach. Drawing of the digestive system of carnivorous Schizoglossa novoseelandica, showing the large pharynx. 1-2 - buccal mass, 1 - mouth, 2 - pharynx, 3 - retractor muscles of the pharynx, 4 - salivary glands, 5 - salivary ducts, 6 - oesophagus and stomach, 7 - intestine, 8 ...
Peyer's patches (or glands) ileum, lymphatic glands Pineal gland: brain: melatonin: 32 Prostate: surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder: tubulo-alveolar 33 Pyloric glands: antrum of the pylorus, stomach: mucous, gastrin: simple branched tubular 34 Sebaceous gland: skin: sebum acinar - branched 35 Skene's gland, lesser vestibular ...
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a common malignant tumour of the salivary glands and has a low incidence of 4–13%. [13] Adenoid cystic carcinoma is also a common malignant salivary gland lesion and has an incidence of 4–8%. This carcinoma tends to invade nerves and can re-occur post-treatment.