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The phenolic unit can be found dimerized or further polymerized, creating a new class of polyphenol. For example, ellagic acid is a dimer of gallic acid and forms the class of ellagitannins, or a catechin and a gallocatechin can combine to form the red compound theaflavin, a process that also results in the large class of brown thearubigins in tea.
In organic chemistry, phenols, sometimes called phenolics, are a class of chemical compounds consisting of one or more hydroxyl groups (−O H) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group. [1] The simplest is phenol, C 6 H 5 OH. Phenolic compounds are classified as simple phenols or polyphenols based on the number of phenol units in the ...
Phenol (also known as carbolic acid, phenolic acid, or benzenol) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C 6 H 5 OH. [5] It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile . The molecule consists of a phenyl group ( −C 6 H 5 ) bonded to a hydroxy group ( −OH ).
Phenol in the Berthelot reagent can be replaced by a variety of phenolic reagents, the most common being sodium salicylate, which is significantly less toxic. [1] This has been used for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) determinations and commonly is used to determine water and soil total and ammonia-N. Replacement of phenol by 2-phenylphenol reduces interferences by a variety of soil and water ...
Phenol (C 6 H 5 OH) is a water-soluble compound consisting of a phenyl group (-C 6 H 5) bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH). Phenol extraction is a widely used technique for purifying nucleic acid samples from cell lysates. [1] To obtain nucleic acids, the cell must be lysed, and the nucleic acids separated from other cell components.
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Alkali metal phenolates, such as sodium phenolate hydrolyze in aqueous solution to form basic solutions. [2] At pH = 10, phenol and phenolate are in approximately 1:1 proportions. The phenoxide anion (aka phenolate ) is a strong nucleophile with a comparable to the one of carbanions or tertiary amines. [ 3 ]
NaOCH 3 + HOC 6 H 5 → NaOC 6 H 5 + HOCH 3. Sodium phenoxide can also be produced by the "alkaline fusion" of benzenesulfonic acid, whereby the sulfonate groups are displaced by hydroxide: C 6 H 5 SO 3 Na + 2 NaOH → C 6 H 5 OH + Na 2 SO 3. This route once was the principal industrial route to phenol. [citation needed]