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In 2011, an analysis was done to determine if a pregnant woman should be screened for Group B Streptococcus which has been found to be a cause for many diseases including septic abortion. [6] Within the large range of potential pathogens, in third world countries tetanus is the most common cause, while in the U.S. Clostridium perfringens is the ...
Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of healthcare-associated bacteremia in North and South America and is also an important cause of community-acquired bacteremia. [14] Skin ulceration or wounds, respiratory tract infections, and IV drug use are the most important causes of community-acquired staph aureus bacteremia.
They convert glucose to lactic acid and this acidic environment kills harmful pathogens. The vaginal microbiota in pregnancy varies markedly during the entire time of gestation. The species and diversity of the microorganisms may be related to the various levels of hormones during pregnancy. Vaginal flora can be transmitted to babies during birth.
Importantly, Streptococcus agalactiae is the most common cause of meningitis in infants from one month to three months old. They can also colonize the intestines and the female reproductive tract, increasing the risk for premature rupture of membranes during pregnancy, and transmission of the organism to the infant.
The number of cases of puerperal sepsis per year shows wide variations among published literature—this may be related to different definitions, recordings etc. [12] Globally, bacterial infections are the cause of 10% of maternal deaths—this is more common in low income countries but is also a direct cause of maternal deaths in high-income ...
GBS colonization of the vagina usually does not cause problems in healthy women, nevertheless during pregnancy it can sometimes cause serious illness for the mother and the newborn. GBS is the leading cause of bacterial neonatal infection in the baby during gestation and after delivery with significant mortality rates in premature infants.
The most severe form of group B streptococcal disease is neonatal meningitis in infants, which is frequently lethal and can cause permanent neuro-cognitive impairment. S. agalactiae was recognized as a pathogen in cattle by Edmond Nocard and Mollereau in the late 1880s. It can cause bovine mastitis (inflammation of the udder) in dairy cows. The ...
Listeriosis is a bacterial infection most commonly caused by Listeria monocytogenes, [1] although L. ivanovii and L. grayi have been reported in certain cases. Listeriosis can cause severe illness, including severe sepsis, meningitis, or encephalitis, sometimes resulting in lifelong harm and even death.