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A theme in Inca mythology is the duality of the Cosmos. The realms were separated into the upper and lower realms, the hanan pacha and the ukhu pacha and urin pacha.Hanan pacha, the upper world, consisted of the deities of the sun, moon, stars, rainbow, and lightning while ukhu pacha and urin pacha were the realms of Pachamama, the earth mother, and the ancestors and heroes of the Inca or ...
Ritual ceremonies functioned as mechanisms for cultural continuity and identity formation, binding together diverse communities under a shared religious framework. [26] The belief system of the Incas was polytheistic. Inca perceived the cosmos as a sacred order governed by the harmonious interplay of the sun, moon, and stars. [27]
The government in Cusco was not much different than most chiefdoms in the region. It is likely that the title held by each ruler was that of a kuraka or sinchi, [3] until the reign of Inca Roca, who introduced the term Sapa Inca, or Inca for short. The latter would be used to describe the ethnic group as a whole in the future, but it also meant ...
The Sapa Inca was conceptualized as divine and was effectively head of the state religion. Only the Willaq Umu (or Chief Priest) was second to the emperor. Local religious traditions were allowed to continue, and in some cases such as the Oracle at Pachacamac (Pacha Kamaq, "vivifier of the world") on the Peruvian coast, were officially ...
Inca mythology of the Inca Empire was based on pre-Inca beliefs that can be found in the Huarochirí Manuscript, and in pre-Inca cultures including Chavín, Paracas, Moche, and the Nazca culture. The mythology informed and supported Inca religion. [1] One of the most important figures in pre-Inca Andean beliefs was the creator deity Viracocha.
The Inca referred to their empire as Tawantinsuyu, [13] "the suyu of four [parts]". In Quechua, tawa is four and -ntin is a suffix naming a group, so that a tawantin is a quartet, a group of four things taken together, in this case the four suyu ("regions" or "provinces") whose corners met at the capital.
Cusco was the capital and seat of government of the Kingdom of the Incas and continued to be at the beginning of the imperial era, becoming the most important city in the Andes and South America. This centralism gave it rise and became the main cultural focus and axis of religious worship.
The former maintained full control of religious and government functions from Manco Capac until Capac Yupanqui, who suffered a coup by Inca Roca with the support of Hanan Cusco members. From then on, the Hurin dynasty was in charge of the priesthood while the Hanan dynasty took control of civil, political, economic, judicial, and martial activity.