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Van Maanen 2, or van Maanen's Star, is the closest known solitary white dwarf to the Solar System. It is a dense, compact stellar remnant no longer generating energy and has equivalent to about 68% of the Sun's mass but only 1% of its radius. [ 8 ]
Neutron stars are stellar remnants produced when a star of around 8–9 solar masses or more explodes in a supernova at the end of its life. They are usually produced by stars of less than 20 solar masses, although a more massive star may produce a neutron star in certain cases. [2] 4U 1820-30: 9.1 Pulsar [3] Lich Pulsar (PSR B1257+12) 10 Pulsar
For stars with similar metallicity to the Sun, the theoretical minimum mass the star can have, and still undergo fusion at the core, is estimated to be about 75 M J. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] When the metallicity is very low, however, a recent study of the faintest stars found that the minimum star size seems to be about 8.3% of the solar mass, or about 87 ...
Neutron stars have a radius on the order of 10 kilometers (6 mi) and a mass of about 1.4 M ☉. [2] Stars that collapse into neutron stars have a total mass of between 10 and 25 solar masses (M ☉), or possibly more for those that are especially rich in elements heavier than hydrogen and helium. [3]
In massive stars (greater than about 1.5 M ☉), the core temperature is above about 1.8×10 7 K, so hydrogen-to-helium fusion occurs primarily via the CNO cycle. In the CNO cycle, the energy generation rate scales as the temperature to the 15th power, whereas the rate scales as the temperature to the 4th power in the proton-proton chains. [2]
The unrelated, fainter star Sidus Ludoviciana can be seen lower down. Mizar is a visual double with a separation of 14.4 arcseconds, each of which is a spectroscopic binary. Its combined apparent magnitude is 2.04. The two visible stars are referred to as ζ 1 and ζ 2 Ursae Majoris, or Mizar A and B. The spectroscopic components are generally ...
Both the obscuring clouds and the great distances also make it difficult to judge whether the star is just a single supermassive object or, instead, a multiple star system. A number of the "stars" listed below may actually be two or more companions orbiting too closely for our telescopes to distinguish, each star possibly being massive in ...
A binary system is a system of two astronomical bodies of the same kind that are comparable in size. Definitions vary, but typically require the center of mass to be located outside of either object.