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In Evliya Çelebi's Seyahatnâme of 1668, he explained that the Gypsies from Komotini (Gümülcine) "swear by their heads" their ancestors came from Egypt. [8] Moreover, the sedentary Gypsy groups from the Serres region in Greece believe their ancestors were once taken from Egypt Eyalet by the Ottomans to Rumelia after 1517 to work on the tobacco plantations of Turkish feudals there. [9]
The term gitano evolved from the word egiptano [10] ("Egyptian"), which was the Old Spanish demonym for someone from Egipto (Egypt). "Egiptano" was the regular adjective in Old Spanish for someone from Egypt, however, in Middle and Modern Spanish the irregular adjective egipcio supplanted egiptano to mean Egyptian, probably to differentiate Egyptians from Gypsies.
In the English language, Romani people have long been known by the exonym Gypsies or Gipsies, [88] which many Roma consider to be an ethnic slur. [ 89 ] [ 90 ] [ 91 ] The attendees of the first World Romani Congress in 1971 unanimously voted to reject the use of all exonyms for the Roma, including "Gypsy". [ 92 ]
The English term gypsy or gipsy [16] is commonly used to indicate Romani people, [17] and use of the word gipsy in modern-day English is pervasive (and is a legal term under English law—see below), and some Romani organizations use it in their own organizational names, particularly in the United Kingdom.
The Dom have an oral tradition and express their culture and history through music, poetry, and dance. [11] Initially, it was believed that they were a branch of the Romani people, but recent studies of the Domari language suggest that they departed from the Indian subcontinent [17] at different times and using different routes.
They have historically been called "Gypsies", though as a whole they are not Romani per se. The Dom people are especially known as Nawar. [ 4 ] While both they and Romani people originated from the Indian subcontinent , they came from two drastically different ethnicities and cultures.
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The history of Roma in Greece goes back to the 15th century. The name Gypsy (Gyftos = Γύφτος) sometimes used for the Romani people was first given to them by the Greeks, who supposed them to be Egyptian in origin. [10] Due to their nomadic nature, they are not concentrated in a specific geographical area, but are dispersed all over the ...