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  2. Rhombus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombus

    A rhombus has an axis of symmetry through each pair of opposite vertex angles, while a rectangle has an axis of symmetry through each pair of opposite sides. The diagonals of a rhombus intersect at equal angles, while the diagonals of a rectangle are equal in length. The figure formed by joining the midpoints of the sides of a rhombus is a ...

  3. Method of exhaustion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Method_of_exhaustion

    The area of an ellipse is proportional to a rectangle having sides equal to its major and minor axes; The volume of a sphere is 4 times that of a cone having a base of the same radius and height equal to this radius; The volume of a cylinder having a height equal to its diameter is 3/2 that of a sphere having the same diameter;

  4. Pythagorean theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_theorem

    It states that the area of the square whose side is the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the areas of the squares on the other two sides. The theorem can be written as an equation relating the lengths of the sides a , b and the hypotenuse c , sometimes called the Pythagorean equation : [ 1 ]

  5. Orthodiagonal quadrilateral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthodiagonal_quadrilateral

    A formula for the area K of a cyclic orthodiagonal quadrilateral in terms of the four sides is obtained directly when combining Ptolemy's theorem and the formula for the area of an orthodiagonal quadrilateral. The result is [11]: p.222 = (+).

  6. Square - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square

    A square is a special case of a rhombus (equal sides, opposite equal angles), a kite (two pairs of adjacent equal sides), a trapezoid (one pair of opposite sides parallel), a parallelogram (all opposite sides parallel), a quadrilateral or tetragon (four-sided polygon), and a rectangle (opposite sides equal, right-angles), and therefore has all ...

  7. Isosceles trapezoid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isosceles_trapezoid

    Any non-self-crossing quadrilateral with exactly one axis of symmetry must be either an isosceles trapezoid or a kite. [5] However, if crossings are allowed, the set of symmetric quadrilaterals must be expanded to include also the crossed isosceles trapezoids, crossed quadrilaterals in which the crossed sides are of equal length and the other sides are parallel, and the antiparallelograms ...

  8. Machin-like formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machin-like_formula

    Since it can by shown, by doing the calculation, that (+) = (+), i.e. that the real and imaginary parts of both sides are equal, and since that equality is equivalent to: ⁡ ⁡ =, the latter equality is also demonstrated.

  9. Golden ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_ratio

    The rhombic Penrose tiling contains two types of rhombus, a thin rhombus with angles of ⁠ ⁠ and ⁠ ⁠, and a thick rhombus with angles of ⁠ ⁠ and ⁠ ⁠. All side lengths are equal, but the ratio of the length of sides to the short diagonal in the thin rhombus equals ⁠ 1 : φ {\displaystyle 1\mathbin {:} \varphi } ⁠ , as does the ...