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A UV index reading of 8 to 10 means very high risk of harm from unprotected sun exposure. Take extra precautions because unprotected skin and eyes will be damaged and can burn quickly. Minimize sun exposure between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.
Sunburn effect (as measured by the UV Index) is the product of the sunlight spectrum at the Earth's surface (radiation intensity) and the erythemal action spectrum (skin sensitivity). Long-wavelength UV is more prevalent, but each milliwatt at 295 nm produces almost 100 times more sunburn than at 315 nm.
On the positive side, UV exposure enables the synthesis of vitamin D 3, which is essential for bone health [1] and potentially plays a role in inhibiting certain cancers. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] While vitamin D can also be obtained through dietary supplements, [ 4 ] UV exposure offers benefits such as enhanced subdermal nitric oxide production and improved ...
Consider the sunburn, a deterministic effect: [4] when exposed to bright sunlight for only ten minutes [5] at a high UV Index, that is to say a high average dose rate, [6] the skin can turn red and painful. The same total amount of energy from indirect sunlight spread out over several years - a low average dose rate - would not cause a sunburn ...
Ultraviolet radiation, also known as simply UV, is electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths of 10–400 nanometers, shorter than that of visible light, but longer than X-rays. UV radiation is present in sunlight, and constitutes about 10% of the total electromagnetic radiation output from the Sun.
The refractive index of water at 20 °C for visible light is 1.33. [1] The refractive index of normal ice is 1.31 (from List of refractive indices).In general, an index of refraction is a complex number with real and imaginary parts, where the latter indicates the strength of absorption loss at a particular wavelength.
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An MED is the amount of UV radiation that will produce erythema (redness of the skin) within a few hours of exposure. [26] High-pressure beds use smaller, higher-wattage quartz bulbs and emit a higher percentage of UVA. [27] They may emit 10–15 times more UVA than the midday sun, [20] and have a shorter maximum exposure time (typically 10 ...