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Lithium-based greases are the most commonly used; sodium and lithium-based greases have higher melting point (dropping point) than calcium-based greases but are not resistant to the action of water. Lithium-based grease has a dropping point at 190 to 220 °C (374 to 428 °F).
Most greases used today in motor vehicles, aircraft, and heavy machinery contain lithium stearates, mainly lithium 12-hydroxystearate. [1] Greases can be made with the addition of several different metallic soaps. Some greases are prepared from sodium, barium, lithium, and calcium soaps. Lithium soap greases are preferred for their water ...
Lithium grease adheres particularly well to metal, is non-corrosive, may be used under heavy loads, and exhibits good temperature tolerance. It has a dropping point of 190 to 220 °C (370 to 430 °F) and resists moisture, so it is commonly used as lubricant in household products, such as electric garage doors, as well as in automotive ...
The third most common use of lithium is in greases. Lithium hydroxide is a strong base, and when heated with a fat, it produces a soap, such as lithium stearate from stearic acid. Lithium soap has the ability to thicken oils, and it is used to manufacture all-purpose, high-temperature lubricating greases. [21] [162] [163]
Lithium soap or greases, such as lithium stearate, are insoluble in water and find use in lubricating grease. Calcium and magnesium soaps are most commonly encountered as soap scum but the pure materials have a variety of uses.
As well as a lubricant, vacuum grease is also used as a sealant for joints in vacuum systems. This is usually limited to soft vacuums, as ultra high vacuum or high temperatures may give problems with the grease outgassing. Grease is most commonly used with glass vacuum systems. [1] All metal systems usually use knife-edge seals in soft metals ...