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ifconfig (short for interface config) is a system administration utility in Unix-like operating systems for network interface configuration.. The utility is a command-line interface tool and is also used in the system startup scripts of many operating systems.
ethtool is the primary means in Linux kernel-based operating systems (primarily Linux and Android) for displaying and modifying the parameters of network interface controllers (NICs) and their associated device driver software from application programs running in userspace.
It alerts the client to wait for a final response. The message consists only of the status line and optional header fields, and is terminated by an empty line. As the HTTP/1.0 standard did not define any 1xx status codes, servers must not [note 1] send a 1xx response to an HTTP/1.0 compliant client except under experimental conditions. 100 Continue
sudo retains the user's invocation rights through a grace period (typically 5 minutes) per pseudo terminal, allowing the user to execute several successive commands as the requested user without having to provide a password again. [21] As a security and auditing feature, sudo may be configured to log each command run.
The ln command is a standard Unix command utility used to create a hard link or a symbolic link (symlink) to an existing file or directory. [1] The use of a hard link allows multiple filenames to be associated with the same file since a hard link points to the inode of a given file, the data of which is stored on disk.
Static routing may have the following uses: When using static address configuration (in the absence of DHCP or Router Advertisements) it can be used to provide a default route, forming a special case of the longest prefix match as it has a prefix length of zero and therefore always matches, and always matches last.
tcpdump is a data-network packet analyzer computer program that runs under a command line interface.It allows the user to display TCP/IP and other packets being transmitted or received over a network to which the computer is attached. [3]
The basic concept of link-state routing is that every node constructs a map of the connectivity to the network in the form of a graph, showing which nodes are connected to which other nodes. [4] Each node then independently calculates the next best logical path from it to every possible destination in the network. [5]