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This list of over 500 monoclonal antibodies includes approved and investigational drugs as well as drugs that have been withdrawn from market; consequently, the column Use does not necessarily indicate clinical usage. See the list of FDA-approved therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in the monoclonal antibody therapy page.
A blocking antibody is an antibody that does not have a reaction when combined with an antigen, but prevents other antibodies from combining with that antigen. [1] This function of blocking antibodies has had a variety of clinical and experimental uses. The term can also be used for inhibiting antibody, prozone phenomenon and, agglutination ...
Checkpoint inhibitor therapy is a form of cancer immunotherapy. The therapy targets immune checkpoints, key regulators of the immune system that when stimulated can dampen the immune response to an immunologic stimulus. Some cancers can protect themselves from attack by stimulating immune checkpoint targets.
Antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT) involves the application of cancer-associated monoclonal antibodies that are linked to a drug-activating enzyme. Systemic administration of a non-toxic agent results in the antibody's conversion to a toxic drug, resulting in a cytotoxic effect that can be targeted at malignant cells.
Toripalimab (Loqtorzi) is a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody against PD-1 approved in China in 2018 and in the United States in 2023. [18] [19] [20] Tislelizumab (Tevimbra) is a humanized IgG4 anti–PD-1 monoclonal antibody approved in China in 2019 and in the United States in 2024 for certain gastrointestinal cancers.
More than ten percent of people taking Anakinra have injection site reactions, headaches, and have increased cholesterol levels. [1] Recipients have eight percent more patients decrease white blood cells counts, two percent more patients decrease platelets counts, one percent more patients get severe infections (4.5% for patients with asthma compared to 0% placebo patients with asthma). [1]
CD8 chains contain several essential cysteine residues critical for their structural and functional roles. A disulfide bond between two cysteines in the IgV domain (C43-C115 in CD8A; C41-C116 in CD8B) is a defining feature of the immunoglobulin fold, stabilizing the two beta sheets that form this domain.
The CD8 protein is a cell surface glycoprotein found on most cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediates efficient cell-cell interactions within the immune system.The CD8, acting as a coreceptor, and the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte recognize antigen displayed by an antigen-presenting cell (APC) in the context of class I MHC molecules.