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The Bronze Statuettes of Athletic Spartan Girl are bronze figurines depicting a Spartan young woman wearing a short tunic in a presumably running pose. These statuettes are considered Spartan manufacture dating from the 6th century B.C., [1] and they were used as decorative attachments to ritual vessels as votive dedications, such as a cauldron, [2] suggested by the bronze rivet on their feet. [3]
The girls are positioned on the left side of the painting and the boys on the right, while in the background stands a group of women and one man (identified as the mothers of the children and Lycurgus) watching them. [2] The women are fully clothed, while the girls and the man are topless and the boys are entirely nude.
It is possible that Spartan girls exercised naked, because Archaic Spartan art portrays naked girls, unlike the art of other areas of Greece. [12] Girls might have competed in gymnopaedia, the Spartan festival of naked youths. [28] They also competed in running races for various festivals, of which the most prestigious was the Heraean Games. [29]
The Spartan public education system, the agoge, trained the mind as well as the body. Spartans were not only literate but admired for their intellectual culture and poetry. Socrates said the "most ancient and fertile homes of philosophy among the Greeks are Crete and Sparta, where are found more sophists than anywhere on earth."
Tyrtaeus, an archaic era Spartan writer, is the earliest source to connect the origin myth of the Spartans to the lineage of the hero Heracles; later authors, such as Diodorus Siculus, Herodotus, and Apollodorus, also made mention of Spartans understanding themselves to be descendants of Heracles.
A 19th-century artistic representation of Spartan boys exercising while young girls taunt them. The agoge (Ancient Greek: ἀγωγή, romanized: ágōgḗ in Attic Greek, or ἀγωγά, ágōgá in Doric Greek) was the training program pre-requisite for Spartiate (citizen) status. Spartiate-class boys entered it age seven, and aged out at 30.
Helen (Ancient Greek: Ἑλένη, romanized: Helénē [b]), also known as Helen of Troy, [2] [3] or Helen of Sparta, [4] and in Latin as Helena, [5] was a figure in Greek mythology said to have been the most beautiful woman in the world.
A Roman copy of a statue of Aphrodite Areia found in Epidaurus, with the original created by the Polykleitos school.. Aphrodite Areia (Ancient Greek: Ἀφροδίτη Ἀρεία) or "Aphrodite the Warlike" was a cult epithet of the Greek goddess Aphrodite, in which she was depicted in full armor like the war god Ares. [1]