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Natural gas burning on a gas stove Burning of natural gas coming out of the ground. Natural gas (also called fossil gas, methane gas, or simply gas) is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane (95%) [1] in addition to various smaller amounts of other higher alkanes.
In contrast, wet natural gas also contains significant portions of other liquids such as ethane, propane or butane (also known as Natural Gas Liquids). Wet natural gas is used for petrochemicals as well as gasoline (petrol). In 2023, the United States has led the world in both natural gas production and natural gas exports.
Fossil hydrocarbons: natural gas Gas reforming with carbon capture and storage. 1st stage: CH 4 + H 2 O → CO + 3 H 2. 2nd stage: CO + H 2 O → CO 2 + H 2. Low CCS networks required [25]: 28 Gray: Fossil hydrocarbons: natural gas Steam reforming of natural gas 1st stage: CH 4 + H 2 O → CO + 3 H 2. 2nd stage: CO + H 2 O → CO 2 + H 2 ...
The heating value depends on the source of gas that is used and the process that is used to liquefy the gas. The range of heating value can span ±10 to 15 percent. A typical value of the higher heating value of LNG is approximately 50 MJ/kg or 21,500 BTU/lb. [2] A typical value of the lower heating value of LNG is 45 MJ/kg or 19,350 BTU/lb.
Natural gas may be combined with hydrogen to form a mixture known as HCNG. Additional fuel gases obtained from natural gas or petroleum: Propane; Butane; Regasified liquefied petroleum gas; The composition of natural gas varies widely, but the table shows a typical composition. [4]
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When soil is contaminated by hydrocarbons, it can have a significant impact on its microbiological, chemical, and physical properties. This can serve to prevent, slow down or even accelerate the growth of vegetation depending on the exact changes that occur. Crude oil and natural gas are the two largest sources of hydrocarbon contamination of soil.