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In unfertilized eggs, transcripts are still strictly localized at the tip, but immediately after fertilization, a small mRNA gradient is formed in the anterior 20% of the eggs. Another report documents a mRNA gradient up to 40%. nanos mRNA also attaches to a Drosophila egg's cytoskeleton but is concentrated at the posterior end of the egg.
The list of organisms by chromosome count describes ploidy or numbers of chromosomes in the cells of various plants, animals, protists, and other living organisms.This number, along with the visual appearance of the chromosome, is known as the karyotype, [1] [2] [3] and can be found by looking at the chromosomes through a microscope.
Drosophila melanogaster is a species of fly (an insect of the order Diptera) in the family Drosophilidae.The species is often referred to as the fruit fly or lesser fruit fly, or less commonly the "vinegar fly", "pomace fly", [a] [5] or "banana fly". [6]
Large mammals develop at an absolute slower rate compared to small mammals. Thus, the large mammal tend have longer gestation periods than small mammal as they tend to produce larger neonate. [22] Large mammals require a longer period of time to attain any proportion of adult mass compared to small mammals. [23]
Genome size ranges (in base pairs) of various life forms. Genome size is the total amount of DNA contained within one copy of a single complete genome.It is typically measured in terms of mass in picograms (trillionths or 10 −12 of a gram, abbreviated pg) or less frequently in daltons, or as the total number of nucleotide base pairs, usually in megabases (millions of base pairs, abbreviated ...
Humans have FN = 82, [35] due to the presence of five acrocentric chromosome pairs: 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22 (the human Y chromosome is also acrocentric). The fundamental autosomal number or autosomal fundamental number, FNa [ 36 ] or AN , [ 37 ] of a karyotype is the number of visible major chromosomal arms per set of autosomes (non- sex-linked ...
Drosophila is considered one of the most valuable genetic model organisms; both adults and embryos are used in experiments. [51] Drosophila is a prime candidate for genetic research because the relationship between human and fruit fly genes is very close; disease-producing genes in humans can be linked to those in Drosophila. [52]
Genetic distance is useful for reconstructing the history of populations, such as the multiple human expansions out of Africa. [3] It is also used for understanding the origin of biodiversity . For example, the genetic distances between different breeds of domesticated animals are often investigated in order to determine which breeds should be ...